A Review of the Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis of Schizophrenia
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References
1. Gottesman II. Schizophrenia Genesis: The Origins of
Madness. NY: Freeman, 1991.
2. Lidz RW, Lidz T. The family environment of
schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry 1946;106:332-
45.
3. Murray RM, Lewis SW. Is schizophrenia a
neurodevelopmental disorder? BMJ 1987;295:6-12
4. Woods BT. Is schizophrenia a progressive
neurodevelopmental disorder? Toward a unitary
pathogenetic mechanism. Am J Psychiatry
1998;155(2): 1661-70.
5. Johnstone EC, Crow TJ, Frith CD, Husband J, Kreel
L. Cerebral ventricular size and cognitive impairment
in schizophrenia. Lancet 1976;2(7992):924-6.
6. Suddath RL, Casanova MF and Goldberg TE.
Temporal lobe pathology in schizophrenia: a
quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study. Am J
Psychiatry 1989;146:464-72.
7. Syvalahti EK. Biological Factors in Schizophrenia:
Structural and functional aspects. Br J Psychiatry Suppl
1994;(23):9-14.
8. Cannon TD, Barr CE, Mednick SA. Genetic and
perinatal factors in the etiology of schizophrenia. In:
Walker EF, ed. Schizophrenia: A life-course
developmental perspective. New York: Academic
Press, 1991:9-31.
9. Andreasen NC, Flashman L, Flaum M, et al.
Regional brain abnormalities in schizophrenia
measured with magnetic resonance imaging. JAMA
1994;272:1763-9.
10. Woods BT, Yurgelun-Todd D. Brain volume loss in
schizophrenia: when does it occur and is it progressive?
Schizophr Res 1991;5:202-4.
11. Ananth H, Popescu I, Critchley HD, Good CD,
Frackowiak RSJ, Dolan RJ. Cortical and subcortical
gray matter abnormalities in schizophrenia determined
through structural magnetic resonance imaging with
optimized volumetric voxel-based morphometry. Am J
Psych 2002;159:1497–1505.
12. Garver DL, Nair TR., Christensen JD, Holcomb J,
Ramberg J, Kingsbury S. Atrophic and static
(neurodevelopmental) schizophrenic psychoses.
Neuropsychopharmacology 1999;21(1):82-92.
13. Akbarian S, Bunney WE Jr, Potkin SG, et al.
Altered distribution of nicotinamide-adenine
dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase cells in frontal lobe
of schizophrenics implies disturbances of cortical
development. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50(3):169-77.
14. Gazzaniga MS, Ivry RB, Mangun GR, eds.
Cognitive Neuroscience: The Biology of the Mind.
New York: WW Norton & Co, 1998:476-84.
15. Bloom FE. Advancing a neurodevelopmental origin
for schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;
50(3):224-7.
16. Waddington JL, Lane A, Larkin C, O'Callaghan E.
The neurodevelopmental basis of schizophrenia:
clinical clues from cerebro-craniofacial
dysmorphogenesis, and the roots of a lifetime trajectory
of disease. Biol Psychiatry 1999;46(1):31-9.
17. Waddington JL, Lane A, Scully P, et al. Early
cerebro-craniofacial dysmorphogenesis in
schizophrenia: a lifetime trajectory model from
neurodevelopmental basis to “neuroprogressive”
process. J Psychiatric Res 1999;33(6):477-89.
18. Dazzan P, Murray RM (2002) Neurological soft
signs in first episode psychosis: a systematic review. Br
J Psychiatry 2002;181(suppl43):50-7.
19. Cannon M, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, et al. Evidence for
early-childhood, pan-developmental impairment
specific to schizophreniform disorder. Arch Gen
Psychiatry 2002;59:449-56.
20. Warwick MM, Lawrie SM, Beveridge A, Johnstone
EC. Abnormal cerebral asymmetry and schizophrenia
in a subject with Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY). Biol
Psychiatry 2003;53(7):627-9.
21. Green MF, Satz P, Smith C, Nelson L. Is there
atypical handedness in schizophrenia? J Abnorm
Psychology 1989;98(1):57-61
22. McGrath J, Murray RM. 1995. Risk factors for
schizophrenia: from conception to birth. In: Hirsch SR,
Weinberger DR, eds. Schizophrenia. New York:
Blackwell, 1995:187-205.
23. Izumoto Y, Inoue S, Yasuda N. Schizophrenia and
the influenza epidemics of 1957 in Japan. Biol
Psychiatry 1999;46(1):119-24.
24. Susser E, Neugebauer R, Hoek HW, et al.
Schizophrenia after prenatal famine: further
evidence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53(1):25-31.
25. Kendell RE, Juszczak E, Cole SK. Obstetric
complications and schizophrenia: A case control study
based on standardised obstetric records. Br J Psychiatry
1996;168(5):556-61.
26. Dalman C, Allebeck P, Cullberg J, Grunewald C,
Koster M. Obstetric complications and the risk of
schizophrenia: A longitudinal study of a national birth
cohort. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999;56(3):234-40.
27. Feinberg I. Schizophrenia: caused by a fault in
programmed synaptic elimination during adolescence?
J Psychiatry Res 1983;17:319.
28. Pogue-Geile MF. Developmental aspects of
schizophrenia, 1997:137-54.
29. Keshavan MS. Neurodevelopment and
schizophrenia: Quo vadis? In: Keshavan MS, Murray
RM, eds. Neurodevelopment & Adult
Psychopathology. New York: Cambridge University
Press, 1997:267-77.
30. McCreadie RG, Connolly MA, Williamson DJ,
Athawes RWB, Tilak-Sing D. The Nithsdale
schizophrenia surveys XII. Neurodevelopmental
schizophrenia: A search for clinical correlates and
putative aetiological factors. Br J Psychiatry
1994;165:340-6.
Madness. NY: Freeman, 1991.
2. Lidz RW, Lidz T. The family environment of
schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry 1946;106:332-
45.
3. Murray RM, Lewis SW. Is schizophrenia a
neurodevelopmental disorder? BMJ 1987;295:6-12
4. Woods BT. Is schizophrenia a progressive
neurodevelopmental disorder? Toward a unitary
pathogenetic mechanism. Am J Psychiatry
1998;155(2): 1661-70.
5. Johnstone EC, Crow TJ, Frith CD, Husband J, Kreel
L. Cerebral ventricular size and cognitive impairment
in schizophrenia. Lancet 1976;2(7992):924-6.
6. Suddath RL, Casanova MF and Goldberg TE.
Temporal lobe pathology in schizophrenia: a
quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study. Am J
Psychiatry 1989;146:464-72.
7. Syvalahti EK. Biological Factors in Schizophrenia:
Structural and functional aspects. Br J Psychiatry Suppl
1994;(23):9-14.
8. Cannon TD, Barr CE, Mednick SA. Genetic and
perinatal factors in the etiology of schizophrenia. In:
Walker EF, ed. Schizophrenia: A life-course
developmental perspective. New York: Academic
Press, 1991:9-31.
9. Andreasen NC, Flashman L, Flaum M, et al.
Regional brain abnormalities in schizophrenia
measured with magnetic resonance imaging. JAMA
1994;272:1763-9.
10. Woods BT, Yurgelun-Todd D. Brain volume loss in
schizophrenia: when does it occur and is it progressive?
Schizophr Res 1991;5:202-4.
11. Ananth H, Popescu I, Critchley HD, Good CD,
Frackowiak RSJ, Dolan RJ. Cortical and subcortical
gray matter abnormalities in schizophrenia determined
through structural magnetic resonance imaging with
optimized volumetric voxel-based morphometry. Am J
Psych 2002;159:1497–1505.
12. Garver DL, Nair TR., Christensen JD, Holcomb J,
Ramberg J, Kingsbury S. Atrophic and static
(neurodevelopmental) schizophrenic psychoses.
Neuropsychopharmacology 1999;21(1):82-92.
13. Akbarian S, Bunney WE Jr, Potkin SG, et al.
Altered distribution of nicotinamide-adenine
dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase cells in frontal lobe
of schizophrenics implies disturbances of cortical
development. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50(3):169-77.
14. Gazzaniga MS, Ivry RB, Mangun GR, eds.
Cognitive Neuroscience: The Biology of the Mind.
New York: WW Norton & Co, 1998:476-84.
15. Bloom FE. Advancing a neurodevelopmental origin
for schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;
50(3):224-7.
16. Waddington JL, Lane A, Larkin C, O'Callaghan E.
The neurodevelopmental basis of schizophrenia:
clinical clues from cerebro-craniofacial
dysmorphogenesis, and the roots of a lifetime trajectory
of disease. Biol Psychiatry 1999;46(1):31-9.
17. Waddington JL, Lane A, Scully P, et al. Early
cerebro-craniofacial dysmorphogenesis in
schizophrenia: a lifetime trajectory model from
neurodevelopmental basis to “neuroprogressive”
process. J Psychiatric Res 1999;33(6):477-89.
18. Dazzan P, Murray RM (2002) Neurological soft
signs in first episode psychosis: a systematic review. Br
J Psychiatry 2002;181(suppl43):50-7.
19. Cannon M, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, et al. Evidence for
early-childhood, pan-developmental impairment
specific to schizophreniform disorder. Arch Gen
Psychiatry 2002;59:449-56.
20. Warwick MM, Lawrie SM, Beveridge A, Johnstone
EC. Abnormal cerebral asymmetry and schizophrenia
in a subject with Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY). Biol
Psychiatry 2003;53(7):627-9.
21. Green MF, Satz P, Smith C, Nelson L. Is there
atypical handedness in schizophrenia? J Abnorm
Psychology 1989;98(1):57-61
22. McGrath J, Murray RM. 1995. Risk factors for
schizophrenia: from conception to birth. In: Hirsch SR,
Weinberger DR, eds. Schizophrenia. New York:
Blackwell, 1995:187-205.
23. Izumoto Y, Inoue S, Yasuda N. Schizophrenia and
the influenza epidemics of 1957 in Japan. Biol
Psychiatry 1999;46(1):119-24.
24. Susser E, Neugebauer R, Hoek HW, et al.
Schizophrenia after prenatal famine: further
evidence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53(1):25-31.
25. Kendell RE, Juszczak E, Cole SK. Obstetric
complications and schizophrenia: A case control study
based on standardised obstetric records. Br J Psychiatry
1996;168(5):556-61.
26. Dalman C, Allebeck P, Cullberg J, Grunewald C,
Koster M. Obstetric complications and the risk of
schizophrenia: A longitudinal study of a national birth
cohort. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999;56(3):234-40.
27. Feinberg I. Schizophrenia: caused by a fault in
programmed synaptic elimination during adolescence?
J Psychiatry Res 1983;17:319.
28. Pogue-Geile MF. Developmental aspects of
schizophrenia, 1997:137-54.
29. Keshavan MS. Neurodevelopment and
schizophrenia: Quo vadis? In: Keshavan MS, Murray
RM, eds. Neurodevelopment & Adult
Psychopathology. New York: Cambridge University
Press, 1997:267-77.
30. McCreadie RG, Connolly MA, Williamson DJ,
Athawes RWB, Tilak-Sing D. The Nithsdale
schizophrenia surveys XII. Neurodevelopmental
schizophrenia: A search for clinical correlates and
putative aetiological factors. Br J Psychiatry
1994;165:340-6.
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Published
2005-01-01
How to Cite
Corroon, E. B. . (2005). A Review of the Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis of Schizophrenia. Trinity Student Medical Journal , 6(1). Retrieved from https://ojs.tchpc.tcd.ie/index.php/tsmj/article/view/1954
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