Treatment of periodontal disease improves glycaemic control in Type-1 and Type-2 diabetics: a literature review
Keywords:
MedicineAbstract
Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus are both complex chronic diseases that have a bidirectional intrinsic link. It has been suggested that the chronic inflammation and infection of pre-existing periodontal disease may impair glycaemic control and hasten the development of diabetic complications. Conflicting results have been shown by the limited number of short-term randomised controlled studies carried out to ascertain whether the treatment of periodontal disease contributes to improvement of glycaemic control. High quality reviews have concluded that small but significant improvements can be expected. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), a haemato- logical indicator of hyperglycaemia, is noticeably reduced in Type-2 diabetics who undergo routine scaling/root planing and oral hygiene regimens when compared to such individuals with no periodontal treatment interventions. Regular and appropriate periodontal therapy leading to any improvement in glycaemic control has the potential to make a significant impact on the quality of life for diabetic patients. The aim of this re-view is to discuss the literature supporting these arguments.
References
2. World Health Organization. Re- port of a WHO Consultation: Part 1 Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus.1999.
3. Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, et al. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for 2000 and projec- tions for 2030. Diabetes Care 2004; 27(5): 1047–53.
4. Taylor GW, Borgnakke WS. Peri- odontal disease: associations with diabetes, glycemic control and complications. Oral Diseases 2008; 14:191–203.
5. Teeuw WJ, Gerdes VE, Loos BG. Effect of periodontal treatment on glycemic control of diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes Care 2010; 33(2): 421-7.
6. Simpson TC, Needleman I, Wild SH, et al. Treatment of periodon- tal disease for glycaemic control in people with diabetes (Review). The Cochrane Collaboration 2010. Available from: The Coch- rane Library
7. Ohlrich EJ, Cullinan MP, Leichter JW. Diabetes, periodontitis, and the subgingival microbiota. J Oral Microbiol2010; 21:2.
8. O’Connell P.A.A, Taba M, Nomizo A, et al. Effects of Periodontal Therapy on Glycemic Control and Inflammatory Markers. J Peri- odontol2008; 79:774-783.
9. National Diabetes Informa- tion Clearing house (NDIC). http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/ dm/pubs/statistics/#fast.(Ac- cessed:14/12/11)
10. Mealey B.L, Oates T.W. Dia- betes Mellitus and Periodontal Diseases. AAP-Commissioned Review J Periodontol 2006; 77:1289- 1303.
11. Rose LF, Mealey BL, Genco RJ,
et al. Periodontics-Medicine, Surgery, and Implants.Chapter31 Systemic Factors Impacting the Periodontium; p.1408-1409.
12. Lu H, Kraut D, Gerstenfeld LC, et al. Diabetes interferes with bone formation by affecting the ex- pression of transcription factors that regulate osteoblast differen- tiation. Endocrinology 2003; 144: 346-352.
13. Mealey BL, Rethman MP. Peri- odontal disease and diabetes mellitus. Bidirectional relation- ship. Dent Today 2003; 22(4): 107-13.
14. Mirza B.A.Q., Syed A, Izhar F, Ali A. Bidirectional relationship be- tween diabetes and periodontal disease: Review of Evidence. J Pak Med Assoc2010; 9:60.
15. Covani U, Marconcini S, Derchi G, et al. Relationship between human periodontitis and Type-2 Nov diabetes at a genomic level: a data-mining study. J Periodontol2009; 80:1265-1273.
16. Calabrese N,D’Aiuto F, Calabrese A, et al. Effects of periodontal therapy on glucose management in people with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes & Metabolism 2011; 37(5): 456-9
17. Darré L, Vergnes JN, GourdyP, et al. Efficacy of periodontal treat- ment on glycaemic control in dia- betic patients: A meta-analysis of interventional studies. Diabetes & Metabolism 2008; 34(5): 497–506.
18. Correa O.B., Goncxalves D, Figueredo C.M.S, et al. The Short-Term Effectiveness of Non- Surgical Treatment in Reducing Levels of Interleukin-1b and Proteases in Gingival Crevicular Fluid From Patients With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Periodontitis. J Periodontol 2008 Nov
19. Janket S.J, Whightman A, Baird A.E, et al. Does Periodontal Treatment Improve Glycemic Control in Diabetic Patients? A Meta-analysis of Intervention Studies J Dent Res 2005; 84(12): 1154-1159.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Provided they are the owners of the copyright to their work, authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository, in a journal or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
