The Creative Ireland Programme in Context: Promise and Paradox
Keywords:
Creative Ireland programme, cultural policy, Culture 2025, creativity, instrumentalisationAbstract
The Creative Ireland Programme (2017–2022; 2023–2027) was launched as the primary implementation vehicle for Culture 2025 – A National Cultural Policy Framework to 2025. Emerging in the wake of the 1916 centenary commemorations, the Programme has been framed as a flagship initiative for creativity, cultural participation, and well-being. Yet questions remain about whether it represents a meaningful departure in Irish cultural policy, or an extension of long-standing tendencies towards instrumentalisation and political symbolism.
Using a desk-based review of academic research, government reports, and grey literature, this article combines a periodisation framework with an interpretive exploration to provide a synopsis of cultural policy from the formation of the Free State onward. A comparative baseline is drawn from a selective and non-exhaustive overview of major events including the Arts Act (1951), the Benson Report (1979), the establishment of the Department of Arts, Culture and Gaeltacht (1993), the Celtic Tiger expansion, and the post-2008 economic crisis.
The article argues that the Creative Ireland Programme (CIP) marks a significant moment in the expanding scope of cultural policy, particularly through its cross-government structure, extensive funding, the evolution of policy language from ‘arts’ to ‘creativity’, and the recurring emphasis on broadening participation. It embodies both continuity and change, reflecting the incremental nature of policy. Drawing on Stone’s concept of policy paradox, the paper shows how the Programme uses ambiguity, symbolism, and policy storytelling to create alliances among diverse stakeholders. We argue that while CIP may signal a new phase in Irish cultural policy, without a stronger legislative and research-led foundation it risks intensifying long-standing patterns of instrumentalisation.
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