Sexual Consent in The Irish Legal System: Sex Scripts in Irish Law

Authors

  • Nicole Maiorano Trinity College Dublin

Keywords:

Consent, Sex Scripts in Irish Law, Irish Legal System, Rape Myths, Reform Rape Legislation, Law on Sexual Offences, Prosecution of Sexual Assault, Gender, Gender Studies, Criminal Law

Abstract

The aim of the present report is to provide a broad knowledge of the current policy in Ireland. The laws regarding sexual assault and rape will be outlined. Further, the connection between these laws and sex script theory will be analysed. Sex script theory proposes that individuals develop standardised behaviours during sexual interactions based on social norms (Beres, Herold & Maitland, 2004). For example, a common sex script is that in a heterosexual interaction the man should actively encourage sex whereas the woman should deny sex (Byers, 1996). The connection between sex script and Irish policy indicate that stereotypical beliefs may influence written Irish policy and affect legal decisions of cases of sexual crimes. This finding has implications for potential changes to the Irish legal system.

References

Bibliography

• Byers, E. S. (1996). How well does the traditional sexual script explain sexual coercion? Review of a program of research. Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 8(1-2), 7-25.

• Beres, M. A., Herold, E., & Maitland, S. B. (2004). Sexual consent behaviors in same-sex relationships. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 33(5), 475-486.

• Campbell, R., & Raja, S. (1999). Secondary victimization of rape victims: Insights from mental health professionals who treat survivors of violence. Violence And Victims, 14(3), 261-275.

• Criminal Law (Sexual Offences) Act 2017. (n.d.). Retrieved January 14, 2018, from http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2017/act/2/section/48/ enacted/en/html.

• Criminal Law (Rape) Act, 1981. (n.d.). Retrieved December 21, 2016, from http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1981/act/10/enacted/en/html.

• Criminal Law (Rape) (Amendment) Act, 1990. (n.d.). Retrieved December 21, 2016, from http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1990/act/32/enacted/ en/html.

• Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform. (1998). The Law on Sexual Offences A Discussion Paper. Dublin: The Stationary Office.

• Director of Public Prosecutions. Oireachtas Joint Committee on Child Protection. (2006). The

• Criminal Law Relating to Sexual Offences Against Children. Retrieved from: https://www.dppireland.ie/filestore/documents/THE_CRIMINAL_LAW_ RELATING_T O_SEXUAL_OFFENCES_AGAINST_CHILDREN_ PDF_260906.pdf.

• Edwards, K. M., Turchik, J. A., Dardis, C. M., Reynolds, N., & Gidycz, C. A. (2011). Rape myths: History, individual and institutional-level presence, and implications for change. Sex Roles, 65(11-12), 761-773.

• Feild, H. S. (1978). Juror background characteristics and attitudes toward rape: Correlates of jurors’ decisions in rape trials. Law and Human Behavior, 2(2), 73

• Hockett, J. M., Smith, S. J., Klausing, C. D., & Saucier, D. A. (2016). Rape myth consistency and gender differences in perceiving rape victims: A meta-analysis. Violence Against Women, 22(2), 139-167. doi:10.1177/1077801215607359.

• Holland, K. (2016, July 26). Marital rape remains extremely difficult to prosecute. Retrieved December 21, 2016, from http://www.irishtimes. com/news/social-affairs/marital-rape-remains-extremely-difficult-to- prosecute-1.2734172.

• Ireland, M. J. (1977). Reform rape legislation: A new standard of sexual esponsibility. U. Colo. L. Rev., 49, 185.

• Kanekar, S., & Kolsawalla, M. B. (1980). Responsibility of a rape victim in relation to her respectability, attractiveness, and provocativeness. The Journal of social psychology, 112(1), 153-154.

• Kelleher, C., & McGilloway, S. (2009). ‘Nobody ever chooses this ...’: A qualitative study of service providers working in the sexual violence sector — key issues and challenges.

• Health & Social Care In The Community, 17(3), 295-303. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2524.2 008.00834.x.

• Rothbaum, B. O., Foa, E. B., Riggs, D. S., Murdock, T., & Walsh, W. (1992). A prospective examination of post-traumatic stress disorder in rape victims. Journal of Traumatic stress, 5(3), 455-475.

• Ryan, K. M. (2011). The relationship between rape myths and sexual scripts: The social construction of rape. Sex Roles, 65(11-12), 774-782.

• Santiago, J. M., McCall-Perez, F., Gorcey, M., & Beigel, A. (1985). Long- term psychological effects of rape in 35 rape victims. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142(11), 1338-1340.

• Simon, W., & Gagnon, J. H. (1986). Sexual scripts: Permanence and change.

• Archives of sexual behavior, 15(2), 97-120.

• Sommer, S., Reynolds, J. J., & Kehn, A. (2015). Mock Juror Perceptions of Rape Victims Impact of Case Characteristics and Individual Differences. Journal of interpersonal violence, 0886260515581907.

• Spohn, C., & Holleran, D. (2001). Prosecuting sexual assault: A comparison of charging decisions in sexual assault cases involving strangers, acquaintances, and intimate partners. Justice Quarterly, 18(3), 651-688.

• Stemple, L., & Meyer, I. H. (2014). The sexual victimization of men in America: New data challenge old assumptions. American journal of public health, 104(6), e19-e26.

• Walker, J., Archer, J., & Davies, M. (2005). Effects of rape on men: A descriptive analysis. Archives of sexual behavior, 34(1), 69-80.

• Wiederman, M. W. (2005). The gendered nature of sexual scripts. The Family Journal, 13(4), 496-502.

Downloads

Published

2021-08-28